Alquiler piso jardin Barceloneta Barcelona

ID: 243920 ALQUILER TEMPORAL DISPONIBLE DESDE: diciembre 2026. Estancia mínima: 1 mes. Edad aceptada: sin preferencia. Costes de apertura del contrato: NOT INCLUDED IN PRICE Electricity fee NOT OPTIONAL 4€ (FixedPerDay - a fixed value will be added for each day of stay) - Transfer fee OPTIONAL 42€ (VariableAmountByConsumption - the value of the fee depends on consumption) ¿CÓMO FUNCIONA SPACEST.COM? Spacest.com es una plataforma online de alquileres de media y larga duración: comprobamos los pisos y las fotos para que puedas reservar online con tranquilidad. Para reservar, sigue el enlace del anuncio y haz clic en "alquilar ahora". [EN] Super sunny studio in the heart of Barcelona, steps from Plaza Catalunya, Passeig de Gracia, ideal location. Steps away from Paseo del Born, quiet street. This area is full of interesting bars, restaurants, supermarkets. You can easily reach all areas of the city, as it is super well located. All in an open space with a diaphanous distribution. Wifi included, towels and sheets. Building with lift. Super sunny studio in the heart of Barcelona, steps from Plaza Catalunya, Passeig de Gracia, ideal location. Steps away from Paseo del Born, quiet street. This area is full of interesting bars, restaurants, supermarkets. You can easily reach all areas of the city, as it is super well located. All in an open space with a diaphanous distribution. Wifi included, towels and sheets. Building with lift.

Super sunny studio right in the centre of Barcelona, steps away from Plaza Cataluña, Passeig de Gracia, ideal location. Steps away from Paseo del Born, calm street. This area is filled with interesting bars, restaurants, supermarkets . You can easily reach all areas of the city, as you are super well located. All in one open space with an open layout. Towels and sheets included . Building with elevator. Wifi access is included. Utility bills (electricity , wáter and gas) ARE NOT INCLUDED in the monthly rental price. You will be charged a mínimum monthly amount for utility bills. This amount is calculated based on the number of rooms of the apartment: 1 room-90 euros/month. You will be charged 90 euros/month for all utilities. Not 90 euros for each utility. Unit purpose: leisure & vacation *We use an external, secure payment platform called Redsys to process all payments.

ID: 202698 ALQUILER TEMPORAL DISPONIBLE DESDE: diciembre 2026. Estancia mínima: 1 mes. Edad aceptada: sin preferencia. Fianza: 300 €. Costes de apertura del contrato: NOT INCLUDED IN PRICE Electricity fee NOT OPTIONAL 4€ (FixedPerDay - a fixed value will be added for each day of stay) - Transfer fee OPTIONAL 42€ (VariableAmountByConsumption - the value of the fee depends on consumption) ¿CÓMO FUNCIONA SPACEST.COM? Spacest.com es una plataforma online de alquileres de media y larga duración: comprobamos los pisos y las fotos para que puedas reservar online con tranquilidad. Para reservar, sigue el enlace del anuncio y haz clic en "alquilar ahora". [EN] This modern duplex has a kitchen, 1 bathroom, 2 bedrooms and a small terrace. With an area of ??50 m2, the apartment has two rooms and is perfectly equipped. Furnishings provided include a room with 2 single beds and the other with a double bed, a television, 1 sofa and a dining table with 4 chairs. Wifi, towels and sheets included. A few steps from the beach, the born market. The flat is a 15-minute walk from the beach, and is also close to some of the city's main attractions, such as the Picasso Museum, Parc de la Ciutadella, the Born Market and the Gothic Quarter. This modern duplex has a kitchen, 1 bathroom, 2 bedrooms and a small terrace. With an area of ??50 m2, the apartment has two rooms and is perfectly equipped. Furnishings provided include a room with 2 single beds and the other with a double bed, a television, 1 sofa and a dining table with 4 chairs. Wifi, towels and sheets included. A few steps from the beach, the born market. The flat is a 15-minute walk from the beach, and is also close to some of the city's main attractions, such as the Picasso Museum, Parc de la Ciutadella, the Born Market and the Gothic Quarter. [ES] Este moderno duplex tiene una cocina, 1 cuarto de baño, 2 dormitorios y una pequeña terraza. Con una superficie de 50 m2, el piso tiene dos habitaciones y está perfectamente equipado . Mobiliario proporcionados incluye una habitación con 2 camas individuales y la otra con una cama de matrimonio un televisor, 1 sofá y una mesa de comedor con 4 sillas. Wifi, toallas y sabanas incluidas. A pocos pasos de la playa, el mercado del born. El apartamento se encuentra a 15 minutos a pie de la playa, y también está cerca de algunas de las principales atracciones de la ciudad, como el Museo Picasso, el Parc de la Ciutadella, el Mercado del Born y del barrio gótico. Este moderno duplex tiene una cocina, 1 cuarto de baño, 2 dormitorios y una pequeña terraza. Con una superficie de 50 m2, el piso tiene dos habitaciones y está perfectamente equipado . Mobiliario proporcionados incluye una habitación con 2 camas individuales y la otra con una cama de matrimonio un televisor, 1 sofá y una mesa de comedor con 4 sillas. Wifi, toallas y sabanas incluidas. A pocos pasos de la playa, el mercado del born. El apartamento se encuentra a 15 minutos a pie de la playa, y también está cerca de algunas de las principales atracciones de la ciudad, como el Museo Picasso, el Parc de la Ciutadella, el Mercado del Born y del barrio gótico.

Super Central Cozy Studio – Your Base in Barcelona! Welcome to this compact and well-located studio situated on Carrer del Portal Nou, in the heart of Ciutat Vella, one of the most vibrant and historic districts of Barcelona ? Perfect for singles or students, this small studio is an ideal base for enjoying city life while staying in a super central and well-connected location. The studio offers a smart and functional layout, making the most of the space for comfortable and practical living. Located just steps from iconic streets, cafés, shops, and cultural spots. With excellent public transport nearby, you can easily reach all areas of Barcelona, including the beach and universities A great opportunity to enjoy an affordable and central base in the heart of Barcelona!

Super Central Cozy Studio – Your Base in Barcelona! Welcome to this compact and well-located studio situated on Carrer del Portal Nou, in the heart of Ciutat Vella, one of the most vibrant and historic districts of Barcelona ? Perfect for singles or students, this small studio is an ideal base for enjoying city life while staying in a super central and well-connected location. The studio offers a smart and functional layout, making the most of the space for comfortable and practical living. Located just steps from iconic streets, cafés, shops, and cultural spots. With excellent public transport nearby, you can easily reach all areas of Barcelona, including the beach and universities A great opportunity to enjoy an affordable and central base in the heart of Barcelona!

Se alquila por periodo temporal de 3-4-5 meses. En el Corazón del Born encontramos esta pieza única. Se trata de una exclusiva y lujosa propiedad histórica reformada, amueblada y restaurada con gusto hasta el último detalle y las mejores calidades, que mezcla lo moderno con lo clásico, en un mix de espacios, volúmenes y materiales. Este apartamento es fruto de una unión de 2 pisos anteriormente lo cual le da mucha amplitud. Una parte delantera da a la calle Tantarantana proporcionando la suite y el salón de mucha luz, mientras la parte posterior la parte trastera da a la plaza Sant agusti Vell, de nuevo proporcionando las habitaciones de luz natural. El salón es grande y cómodo, 4 dormitorios dobles, 2 baños completos y una enorme cocina muy completa con electrodomésticos de alta gama. El piso cuenta con aire acondicionado frío/calor, calefacción de gas natural ventanas de doble cristal. los techos de vuelta catalana y las puertas de madera restauradas. El Barrio del Born es uno de los cuatro barrios que forman el distrito de Ciutat Vella de Barcelona. Es uno de los núcleos más antiguos de la ciudad y su centro histórico. La estructura del barrio permaneció intacta hasta el siglo XIX, periodo que traerá grandes transformaciones en la estructura y morfología del barrio, como por ejemplo, la transformación de los cementerios parroquiales en plazas públicas, el vaciado de grandes edificios con el consiguiente cambio de uso o el derribo de las murallas. Hoy es un barrio con muchissimos cafés restaurantes y boutiques de moda. TEMPORADA VACACIONAL O RECREATIVA Información de Transparencia (Ley 12/2023 y 11/2025): Nº AICAT: 8446 1. Zona de mercado residencial tensionado (ZMRT): SÍ 2. Gran Tenedor: no 3. El inmueble se arrienda única y exclusivamente por uso vacacional o recreativo, por lo que NO aplica el sistema de contención de rentas, siendo la renta libremente pactada por las partes. 4. Numero de Registro CEE: XXXXXXXXS Número de registro AICAT: 8446

Do you want to sleep in open air while looking over Barcelona by night and at the stars? Do you want to have breakfast in the sun with views all over Barcelona? Do you want to take a cool shower on a hot summer''s day while looking at Sagrada Familia? Or take a bath with views at Montjuic? Then this is the place for you!! The apartment has a fully equipped kitchen with dishwasher, oven, fridge, freezer, microwave and cooking gear. Basic spices, olive oil and rice are provided. There is WIFI in the apartment and on the terrace and small portable speakers for your iPhone/iPad/iPod/Smartphone so you can bring your own soundtrack to your Barcelona holidays. There is Air-Conditioning and a ceiling fan for those frequent hot summer nights (and heating for rare cold winter nights). The terrace has WIFI connection and an extra fridge and freezer (laziness is a virtue on holidays and you don''t want to go inside for that cold bottle of cava or beer when you are sunbathing, do you? :) There will be towels and bed sheets for both beds (for the one on the terrace as well). Shampoo and soap for the open air bath tub and both showers (the subtle sexy rainforest shower in the apartment and the outdoor one with great views) will be provided. And there also is a washing machine and detergent so you can travel light. You will be staying at the top floor of the building, which means about 95 steps up or you can use the newly installed elevator. You will literally be on top of Barcelona and will have exceptional 360 views over the city! Elevators are a rare feature in the old city centre but our building has one. Most rooftops in Barcelona are shared and accessible to all people living in the building. This one is not, this one is private and only yours to enjoy. There are hotels with spectacular rooftops as well, but in which hotel you have a rooftop with hot-tub and 360 views only for yourself? Staying central city doesn''t mean noisy. The street has almost no cars (only traffic from people living in the street allowed) and you will be staying at the top floor, so there is no noise to be heard. You can sleep with windows open and hear the birds sing. *No parties allowed.

Super Central 3-Bedroom Apartment in El Born! Welcome to this bright and well-located apartment situated in the charming neighborhood of El Born, one of the most desirable and vibrant areas of Barcelona ? Perfect for families, friends, or professionals, this 3-bedroom apartment offers a comfortable and practical living space in a truly unbeatable central location. The apartment features a functional layout with well-distributed rooms, making it ideal for shared living while enjoying comfort and convenience in the city center. Located in El Born, you’ll be surrounded by trendy cafés, restaurants, boutique shops, and cultural landmarks. With excellent public transport connections nearby, you can easily reach the beach, universities, and all key areas of Barcelona A great opportunity to live in one of the most stylish and sought-after neighborhoods in Barcelona!

Super Central 3-Bedroom Apartment in El Born! Welcome to this bright and well-located apartment situated in the charming neighborhood of El Born, one of the most desirable and vibrant areas of Barcelona ? Perfect for families, friends, or professionals, this 3-bedroom apartment offers a comfortable and practical living space in a truly unbeatable central location. The apartment features a functional layout with well-distributed rooms, making it ideal for shared living while enjoying comfort and convenience in the city center. Located in El Born, you’ll be surrounded by trendy cafés, restaurants, boutique shops, and cultural landmarks. With excellent public transport connections nearby, you can easily reach the beach, universities, and all key areas of Barcelona A great opportunity to live in one of the most stylish and sought-after neighborhoods in Barcelona!

1/4! VIVIENDA A PARTIR DE ENERO! Exclusiva vivienda de alquiler temporal, frente al parque de la Ciudadela Viviendo de 90 m², distribuida en cuatro habitaciones, dos individuales y dos dobles dispone de dos baños independientes en la zona del pasillo. Además, cocina, totalmente equipada con lavadero y gran salón comedor con salida al balcón. La vivienda se encuentra junto a la parada de Renfe de Arc de Triunf, a cinco minutos del centro histórico de la ciudad y frente al parque de la Ciudadela. Además, se encuentra ubicado a cinco minutos de la Barceloneta, donde poder disfrutar del ocio y la restauración de la zona junto con la playa.

ID: 256992 ALQUILER TEMPORAL DISPONIBLE DESDE: diciembre 2026. Estancia mínima: 1 mes. Edad aceptada: sin preferencia. Fianza: 300 €. Costes de apertura del contrato: NOT INCLUDED IN PRICE Electricity fee NOT OPTIONAL 4€ (FixedPerDay - a fixed value will be added for each day of stay) - Transfer fee OPTIONAL 42€ (VariableAmountByConsumption - the value of the fee depends on consumption) ¿CÓMO FUNCIONA SPACEST.COM? Spacest.com es una plataforma online de alquileres de media y larga duración: comprobamos los pisos y las fotos para que puedas reservar online con tranquilidad. Para reservar, sigue el enlace del anuncio y haz clic en "alquilar ahora". [EN] Beautiful studio in the Born area. Right in the center of Barcelona, a few minutes walking from Psg. del Born, Picasso Museum or Pl. Catalunya. The studio comes with a fully equipped kitchen and bathroom. Wifi included as well as towels and bedsheets. Washing machine in the building , that you can use anytime. The property has elevator. Parking just next building ( extra cost if needed) The studio is located in the heart of the Born district, a few steps from the Santa Caterina Market. very central. There is a parking lot right next to the apartment (extra cost) where you can leave your car during your entire stay. Washing machine in the building , that you can use anytime. [ES] Bonito estudio situado en el Born, que están en pleno centro de Barcelona. Muy cerca del Museo Picasso, Pl.Catalunya o el Psg.del Born. Tiene cocina equipada, cama doble, saloncomedor. Baño. Wifi, toallas y ropa de cama incluidas. Edificio con ascensor y zona común con lavadora que se puede usar sin coste extra. Posibilidad de parking ( justo al lado ), coste extra. El estudio esta situado en pleno Barrio del Born, a pocos pasos del Mercado de Santa Caterina. muy centrico. Hay un parking justo al lado del apartamento ( coste extra) donde podra dejar el coche durante toda la estancia. Lavadora en el edificio para uso común.

La vivienda cuenta con un salón-comedor exterior con balcón y vistas espetaculares al parque ciutadella y arco del triunfo. Cocina abierta totalmente equipada. Piso de 4 habitaciones dobles con ventilador de techo y cerramientos de doble cristal, de los cuales 2 dormitorios son dobles y exteriores con armario y salida a balcón propio y 2 dormitorios dobles interiores que garantizan total tranquilidad. Tiene 2 baños completos con plato de ducha, calefacción de gas por radiadores, finca con servicio de portería y trastero interior privativo. La cocina incluye lavavajillas y se complementa con un cuarto de lavandería independiente preparado con tomas y espacio para lavadora y secadora. Larga Estancia, disponible ya, no aceopta mascotas. Passeig LLuis Companys es una de las avenidas mas bonitas de la ciudad de Barcelona, desde la Plaza Tetuan hasta el maravillos Arc del Truinfo*, cerca de Parc de la Ciutadella rodeado de numerosos comercios, servicios, bares y restaurantes de la ciudad. Muy buena comunicacion por metro o linea de autobuses que facilitan el transporte a cualquier parte de la ciudad, convirtiendo esta zona en un lugar ideal para vivir y disfrutar de la ciudad. * El Arco de Triunfo es un monumento situado en la confluencia entre el paseo de Lluís Companys, el paseo de San Juan y la ronda de San Pedro, en la ciudad de Barcelona. Fue diseñado por el arquitecto José Vilaseca como entrada principal a la Exposición Universal de Barcelona de 1888. Información de Transparencia (Ley 12/2023 y 11/2025): Información de Transparencia (Ley 12/2023 y 11/2025): 1. Zona de mercado residencial tensionado (ZMRT): SÍ 2. Índice: 2005€/mes 3. Gran tenedor: NO 4. Criterio Utilizado para fijar la renta mensual: Renta contrato anterior: 2950€/mes Las partes pactan libremente la renta al no haber índice ni contrato anterior. Referencia del CEE. B Certificado de presencia o ausencia de materiales que contienen amianto: NO. Número de registro AICAT: 8446

SEASONAL RENTAL FOR LEISURE OR HOLIDAY PURPOSES ONLY – MIN. 32 DAYS MAX. 11 MONTHS This apartment is exclusively available for temporary stays related to leisure, holidays, recreational or cultural activities such as congresses, fairs or festivals. The minimum stay is 32 days and the maximum is 11 months. You will need to provide ID/passport, proof of solvency (contract, payslips, bank statement), and sign a document with the owner declaring that you are staying for leisure and tourism purposes. Beautiful apartment with private patio in a fully renovated building with 4 floors (one apartment per floor). It is a quiet building with few neighbors, elevator, security cameras and internet included in the rent. The apartment is on the ground floor, about 84m2 inside, with a fully equipped kitchen, a spacious and bright living room, two double bedrooms, two large bathrooms (one for each room), one of the rooms has a private bathroom inside the room. You can also enjoy a private patio of about 10m2 on the same level of the house with access from the living room and one of the bedrooms. ***The apartment also has an extra bedroom with a private bathroom separate from the house and with access from the hall of the building***. To access this independent room you have to leave the house and walk down the corridor through the entrance hall of the building. The room has a double bed and a small bathroom with a shower. This room does not have a kitchen, so you would have to go back to the main house to go to the kitchen. Check the photos and floor plan of the house for more details. The apartment has central A/C and the windows have been restored including the double glazing system to improve the acoustic conditions. The entire apartment is fully furnished with the best finishes and exclusive design, with high quality furniture, all ready to move into! It combines all the luxury features of an old restored and modern building with one of the most emblematic areas in the heart of Barcelona, 3 minutes from the beautiful square of Sant Pere and the Palau de la Música Catalana. And also very close to other tourist places such as the Ciudatella Park, the Santa Caterina market and of course the beach. The closest metro stop is Urquinaona (L1 and L4) you can also find other transport options such as buses and Bicing. Rental conditions: * Monthly rent = €2.300 * Supplies: €300 per month * Internet included * Agency expenses: one month of rent + VAT *Cleaning expenses: a single payment of 240€ (VAT included). *Contract preparation: a single payment of 200€ (VAT included). DEPOSIT: -RENTALS FROM 1 TO 5 MONTHS: YOU HAVE TO PAY THE EQUIVALENT OF ONE AND A HALF MONTHS'' RENT. -RENTALS FROM 6 TO 11 MONTHS: YOU HAVE TO PAY THE EQUIVALENT OF TWO MONTHS'' RENT. Observations: *This apartment is currently for sale. In case of sale during the rental period, the tenant will be given 2 months'' notice to vacate the apartment*. After the reservation is confirmed, you will receive a separate email with the next steps to complete the booking process and organize the check in with the agency. Check ins are possible during the week from Monday to Friday from 09:30am until 17:30pm or after office hours for an extra fee of 85€ + 21% VAT.

SEASONAL RENTAL FOR LEISURE OR HOLIDAY PURPOSES ONLY – MIN. 32 DAYS This apartment is exclusively available for temporary stays related to leisure, holidays, recreational or cultural activities such as congresses, fairs or festivals. The minimum stay is 32 days You will need to provide ID/passport, proof of solvency (contract, payslips, bank statement), and declare that you are staying for leisure and tourism purposes. Impressive apartment with a marvelous private terrace, in a modern four-flat building (one flat per floor) with the latest technology in the market. It has an elevator with direct private access to the flat, free high-speed internet access throughout the whole building and all the flats, security cameras and High-quality finishes and few neighbors. The 120m2apartment is on the second floor of the building. Comes with a private terrace of 35m2 in top of the apartment of which you accesses from stairs directly from the Livingroom. There are 3 double bedrooms, and 3 large full bathrooms (one for each room), and 2 living areas, a spacious kitchen and dining area, and a spacious living room overlooking a wide patio with huge windows, central A.C. The windows have been restored including the double glazing system to improve acoustic conditions; the kitchen is fully equipped with all appliances. All the rooms of the apartment are furnished in detail with the best finishes and very good quality furniture and exclusive design, all ready to be released! It combines all the luxury features of an old restored and modern building with one of the most emblematic areas in the heart of Barcelona, 3 minutes from the beautiful square of Sant Pere and the Palau de la MúsicaCatalana. And also very close to other tourist places such as the Ciudatella Park, the Santa Caterina market and of course the beach The closest metro stop is Urquinaona (L1 and L4) you can also find other transport options such as buses and bicing. RENTAL CONDITION: -Monthly rent: 2.200€/month. -Utilities: 300€/month -Internet: free of charge -Agency fees: A single payment equivalent to half month''s rent + 21% VAT. -Cleaning expenses: a single payment of 240€ (VAT included). DEPOSIT: -RENTALS FROM 1 TO 5 MONTHS: YOU HAVE TO PAY THE EQUIVALENT OF ONE AND A HALF MONTHS'' RENT. -RENTALS FROM 6 TO 11 MONTHS: YOU HAVE TO PAY THE EQUIVALENT OF TWO MONTHS'' RENT. After the reservation is confirmed, you will receive a separate email with the next steps to complete the booking process and organize the check in with the agency. Check ins are possible during the week from Monday to Friday from 09:30am until 17:30pm or after office hours for an extra fee of 85€ + 21% VAT. Observations: *This apartment is currently for sale. In case of sale during the rental period, the tenant will be given 2 months'' notice to vacate the apartment*.

ID: 197392 ALQUILER TEMPORAL DISPONIBLE DESDE: diciembre 2026. Estancia mínima: 2 meses. Edad aceptada: sin preferencia. Fianza: 4400 €. Gastos no incluidos (media estimada: 300 €/mes). Costes de apertura del contrato: Opening costs only once: €2,662.00 Contract costs only once: €200.00 ¿CÓMO FUNCIONA SPACEST.COM? Spacest.com es una plataforma online de alquileres de media y larga duración: comprobamos los pisos y las fotos para que puedas reservar online con tranquilidad. Para reservar, sigue el enlace del anuncio y haz clic en "alquilar ahora". SHORT-TERM CONTRACTS FROM TWO MONTHS UP TO ONE YEAR Impressive apartment with a marvelous private terrace, in a modern four-flat building (one flat per floor) with the latest technology in the market. It has an elevator with direct private access to the flat, free high-speed internet access throughout the whole building and all the flats, security cameras and High-quality finishes and few neighbors. The 120m2apartment is on the second floor of the building. Comes with a private terrace of 35m2 in top of the apartment of which you accesses from stairs directly from the Livingroom. There are 3 double bedrooms, and 3 large full bathrooms (one for each room), and 2 living areas, a spacious kitchen and dining area, and a spacious living room overlooking a wide patio with huge windows, central A.C. The windows have been restored including the double glazing system to improve acoustic conditions; the kitchen is fully equipped with all appliances. All the rooms of the apartment are furnished in detail with the best finishes and very good quality furniture and exclusive design, all ready to be released! It combines all the luxury features of an old restored and modern building with one of the most emblematic areas in the heart of Barcelona, 3 minutes from the beautiful square of Sant Pere and the Palau de la MúsicaCatalana. And also very close to other tourist places such as the Ciudatella Park, the Santa Caterina market and of course the beach The closest metro stop is Urquinaona (L1 and L4) you can also find other transport options such as buses and bicing. RENTAL CONDITION: -Monthly rent: 2.420€/month. -Utilities: 300€/month -Internet: free of charge -Agency fees: A single payment equivalent to one month's rent + 21% VAT. -Cleaning expenses: a single payment of 240€ (VAT included). -Contract preparation: a single payment of 240€ (VAT included). DEPOSIT: -RENTALS FROM 1 TO 5 MONTHS: YOU HAVE TO PAY THE EQUIVALENT OF ONE AND A HALF MONTHS' RENT. -RENTALS FROM 6 TO 11 MONTHS: YOU HAVE TO PAY THE EQUIVALENT OF TWO MONTHS' RENT. After the reservation is confirmed, you will receive a separate email with the next steps to complete the booking process and organize the check in with the agency. Check ins are possible during the week from Monday to Friday from 09:30am until 17:30pm or after office hours for an extra fee of 85€ + 21% VAT. SEASONAL RENTAL FOR LEISURE OR HOLIDAY PURPOSES ONLY – MIN. 32 DAYS MAX. 11 MONTHS We only accept reservations from tenants staying for leisure or holiday purposes. This apartment is exclusively available for temporary stays related to a sabatical time, leisure, holidays, recreational or cultural activities such as congresses, fairs or festivals. The minimum stay is 32 days and the maximum is 11 months. You will need to provide ID/passport, proof of solvency (contract, payslips, bank statement), and sign a document with the owner declaring that you are staying for leisure and tourism purposes.